John Anderson (1792–1853) was a Maine politician. Anderson served as United States Representative from Maine from 1825-1833. He was born in Windham on July 30, 1792. He attended the common schools and graduated from Bowdoin College in 1813. He studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1816 and commenced practice in Portland.
He was elected a member of the Maine State Senate,and was elected to the Nineteenth and Twentieth Congresses and elected as a Jacksonian to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses (March 4, 1825-March 3, 1833). He was chair of the Committee on Elections (Twentieth Congress), and chair of the Committee on Naval Affairs (Twenty-second Congress). He was not a candidate for renomination in 1832.
He was elected Mayor of Portland 1833-1836 and again in 1842. He was appointed Maine United States Attorney 1833-1836. He was appointed collector of customs for the Port of Portland 1837-1841 and 1843-1848. He resumed the practice of law, and died in Portland August 21, 1853. His interment was in Town Cemetery (then a part of the farm of his ancestors) in Windham, Maine.